Free Essays on Terrorism: The Threat of Usamah Bin-Ladin :: September 11 Terrorism Essays

The Threat of Usamah Bin-Ladin   This article was written in 1999 when I was an understudy at the University of Kentucky. My school flat mate and I frequently discussed our restricting perspectives on remote affairs.  My flat mate, animatedly felt that freeing the universe of atomic weapons would progressively end all viciousness between states. Albeit optimistically I would have jumped at the chance to concur, I needed to battle that war could never end as long as religion was vital to the convictions of the officers battling. Sheik Usamah Bin-Muhammad Bin-Ladin represents and encapsulates my contention . He has established associations and shaped alliances among realized fear based oppressor bunches which advocate the devastation of the United States . Moreover, Bin-Ladin wants that:   The decision to execute Americans and their partners - regular citizens and military- - is an obligation for each Muslim. We- - with God's assistance - approach each Muslim to slaughter Americans .   The avocation that Bin-Ladin submits is that Allah orders us to do the sacred battle 'jihad' to raise the expression of Allah over the expressions of the unbelievers. Bin-Ladin accepts that ...Americans force themselves on each and every individual who has faith in his religion and his privileges. Furthermore, he cautions of the result that America will confront though ...every day the Americans postpone their flight, for consistently they delay, they will get another body from Muslim nations . Receptacle Ladin is a man whose strict convictions, alongside his budgetary assets, give him the force important to make wars and psychological oppressor brutality. On the off chance that there were a nonappearance of radiant announcement in his activities, maybe he would have no force, for he would do not have a reasonable thought process. Consequently, this exhibits the effect of religion on savagery. In this particular example, the viciousness is depicted as a legitimate mean towards arrivi ng at the finish of encouraging strict convictions.   As a feasible danger to America, the United States government must discover roads of prevention to end the current and future fear based oppressor exercises of Bin-Ladin. Additionally, earlier towards talking about alternatives of discouragement, the danger of Bin-Ladin will initially be developed.   It possibly appears to be coherent to express that when somebody is battling for a reason for his strict convictions, he is a more noteworthy danger then somebody else. No doubt the person who is shielding his strict convictions would be all the more willing to set out his life for his motivation, since he is working in a space of misfortune.

The Religion Of Jainism Essay Research Paper free essay sample

The Religion Of Jainism Essay, Research Paper The Religion of Jainism Jainism is an Indian confidence. This confidence has its verifiable beginnings in indistinguishable piece of northern India from Buddhism. Jina or Victor who is the pioneer of the movement was a # 8220 ; contemporary of the Buddha # 8221 ; ( Smart 277 ) . We will compose a custom exposition test on The Religion Of Jainism Essay Research Paper or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The directions of Jainism were transmitted orally. The Jain confidence split into two strict requests one being the Digamabaras and the other being the Svetambaras. The Digambaras strict request is other than known as the # 8216 ; Sky Clad # 8217 ; the monastics in this organization design exposure as a characteristic of complete dismissal of possessions. The different strict request Svetambaras other than known as the # 8216 ; White Clad # 8217 ; and they believe that the transmittal of unwritten guidelines has gotten degenerate. Jainism other than built up a philosophical writing. Blending to the Jain hypothesis they accept that they have to cling to the recollections and examples of the days gone by. There philosophical way of thinking is # 8220 ; rich and slippery # 8221 ; and there are two boss features of this confidence ( 277 ) . The first is a solid highlight on non-injury to all life creatures and the second would be the incredible promises that they embrace. There are a couple of cardinal contemplations to Jainism. The initial 1 is the being of numerous minds. Second there is the universe of the universe. Following there is the activity of karma. At long last there is an interest to take obligation for your activities and there is other than a chance of discharge ( 283 ) . There is a short request that is utilized by laic people to demonstrate their devotedness to quit any pretense of everything and come in the area of being an ascetic or a cloister adherent. The request territories: # 8221 ; Ceasing of illfare, stopping of karmic impacts, expire in agonizing charm, inferring edification: Let these be mine, companion of the entire presence, vanquisher for I have desired security in your way. # 8221 ; ( 284 ) . Jain sanctuaries are regular in two different ways. First the deepest place of worship is a picture of Tirthankara. The sanctuary is other than set apart with a cardinal Jain image, which is a Hakenkreuz. This Hakenkreuz is overcom ed by three and a large portion of a Moon. These have noteworthiness. The four weaponries of the insignia speak to the four degrees of life. First there are the individuals who are conceived in one of the seven snake pits, so there are those conceived as workss, invigorate creatures, or creepy crawlies. Next there are the individuals who are conceived as universes, and in the long run there are the individuals who are conceived as faithful presences. The three focuses speak to the three pearls and the half Moon speaks to discharge ( Smith 545 ) . Their people group is centered around signifiers of isolated life, which is upheld by laymans. Priests an nutrient D nuns take five promises and example three pearls. The first is the privilege of conviction, second the correct perception, and in the long run right conduct. Priests receive a portable way of life and the solitary clasp of the twelvemonth that they resign is during the blustery season. The ground that they resign during this clasp of the twelvemonth is to abstain from injuring any of the little creatures that swarm in the mud. Each twelvemonth the monastics and the nuns of this confidence spend segment of their lives in a retreat together. This retreat is typically during the stormy season and during this clasp they are given a wide range of guidelines to populate by. First they are non to talk any harsh words after they show up at the retreat and on the off chance that they neglect to make this they will be avoided from the retreat. They are other than non permitted to go occupied with a distinction and on the off chance that one happens they are required to ask for pardo ning from the predominant. At last they are non permitted to go for more than four or five meetings before they need to come back to the retreat site ( Smart 285 ) . The confidence of Jainism other than puts stock in higher hypothesis. This high or unadulterated hypothesis is supposed to be the achievement of a person who has gotten a freed one. In this theory the primary thing that must be done is to stop of the full head so the natural structure thus inevitably they should end outer breath. During the required clasp of this unadulterated hypothesis they decimate the four extras of karma # 8211 ; # 8221 ; discovering harming and pleasance, life range, destiny and condition # 8221 ; ( 286 ) . After this the mind takes the signifier of a successive line. One of the boss moral qualities to Jainism is the conviction no injury ought to be done to any life being. They are non to execute anything and this prompts Nirvana, which comprises in harmony. They are other than non expected to make injury to anybody by word Acts of the Apostless or thoughts ( 287 ) . At long last there are five promises that they are supposed to be the balance for a perfect life for the song individual to attract a dab on to and for the monastics and nuns to populate by. The main pledge being to renounce all slaughtering to every living presence. The second is to surrender all thoughts of address that contains any choler or insatiability and neer talk lies. The third is to non take whatever is non given. They are non to take anything whether they are in a humble community or in the woods. The Forth being to surrender every sexual pleasance with either Gods work powers or invigorate creatures. At long last the fifth pledge is to resign every single affectionate respect whether they be enormous or little ( 289 ) . These are the central pledges for the monastics and nuns to populate by in the confidence of Jainism.

Ways to Enjoy Your Thanksgiving Break

Ways to Enjoy Your Thanksgiving Break Today  is Friday, and the break is coming! Yeah! I am gong back to China to deal with some family issues and have my teeth totally checked and repaired. However, I know various ways other people enjoy this long break, especially international students. Study Hard This break is a great opportunity for students to catch up and do early reviews for finals. The library will be kept  open during the break except November 24-26, and it is going to be pretty empty, which means you could pick any seat that you want; thats usually impossible during school days. The open hours for each library are posted online, and you probably want to check before you go because it is usually different from normal days. Most coffee shops will be open, as well. Take  A Short (or Long) Trip Because of the length of the break, most international students won’t fly back home. They would choose to spend couple days in downtown Chicago if they would like to do some shopping and enjoy the holiday atmosphere. The decorations of Christmas are  up now, and the “Black Friday shopping” sounds interesting. Some may seek for warmth; many students go to Florida and enjoy the beach and the sun. We joke about this a lot and we say, “The students in Orlando could form a new University of Illinois. Yes, you may meet a friend in Disney World without knowing that he/she is in Florida! Get A Lot of Sleep If I was not going back home this break, I would choose to stay in town and sleep a lot. There are plenty of novels that I don’t have time to read during school weeks. Therefore, I would plan to finish them during the break. There are couple friends staying on campus for final projects or paper, so I guess I would invite them come over for dinner and wed watch movies together. It is always nice to do whatever you want during the break. I wish you a happy holiday and a great time with your family. Connie Class of 2018 I am double majoring in Computer Engineering in the College of Engineering and Statistics in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. My hometown is a historical and peaceful city called Suzhou, located in southeastern China.

Stricter DUI Penalties Needed! Essay - 1670 Words

Alcohol is the main beverage for parties and special occasions in the United States. Many people decide to drink alcohol because it helps them relax, ease tension and socializing. Even most non-drinkers are forced to drink alcohol because of peer pressure. Hebert Moskowitz, the president of the Southern California Research Institute in Los Angeles, concedes that â€Å"alcohol has been so popular these days; it seems as though alcohol is a requirement for parties† (Moskowitz, 13). Unfortunately, most UNM students do not know their limits for alcohol consumption. By the time a party is over, they fail to realize that they had one too many drinks and they decide to drink and drive. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety and†¦show more content†¦There have been many records of supreme court cases in New Mexico where drunk drivers are not being charged for DUI such as: State v. Lizzol, 2006; State v. Arroyos, 2005; Sanchez v. Kirby, 2001; State v. Wenger, 1999, e tc. Each and every one of these cases resulted in the court dismissing the charges for no reason. Usually if a person is arrested and sent to jail for DUI there is a high chance that the exact same person will drink and drive again; this time he or she may take the life of one of your own family member (Moskowitz, 12). I believe many students continue to drink and drive because they think they are able to get away with it. Many students believe if they are able to get away with it once, they will believe they can get away with it twice. Numerous UNM students believe that they won’t get into an accident because they believe are responsible and won’t hurt anyone, but they are wrong because alcohol impairs judgment and reaction time. In the campaign, â€Å"You Drink, You Drive, You Lose,† it stated in the commercial that police are setting up more DWI check points. Personally in my experience when I drove home late around 12 or 1 o’clock in the morning on the weekdays or weekends, I have never even seen any DWI check point set up. Even on the main highways I rarely saw any police cars. One ofShow MoreRelatedMandatory Dui Laws And / Or Technology Should Be Enacted1320 Words   |  6 Pageswhile under the influence of alcohol is called drunk driving (DUI), which is against the law. The National Traffic Safety Administration (NTSA) estimates that almost 40% of traffic deaths caused by accidents in the United States are caused by drunk drivers. Some people think that there should be tougher penalties for repeaters of DUI and we should have zero tolerance for drinking and driving. Others believe that tougher laws are not needed. Some people feel like the social drinkers are being punishedRead MoreToughe r Dui Laws And Better Technology1331 Words   |  6 PagesTougher DUI laws and better Technology Could Be Both Good and Bad Let’s drink and drive so we can crash and kill innocent people. Driving while under the influence of alcohol is called drunk driving (DUI), which is against the law. The National Traffic Safety Administration (NTSA) estimates that almost 40% of traffic deaths caused by accidents in the United States are caused by drunk drivers. Some people think that there should be tougher penalties for repeaters of DUI and we should have zero toleranceRead MoreThe Problem Of Driving Under The United States1332 Words   |  6 PagesHaving 8% percent of alcohol in your body is already considered over board and the person is guessed to be a danger to society if driving a vehicle. DUI is considered to be the nations most committed crime up to date, back in the 80’s people started supporting ways to fight drinking and driving, and were willing to give up some â€Å"freedom† to have stricter legal deeds. The people took this movement into a legislative sector. Somewhere between the 1981 and 1987 about 934 laws were passed by state legislaturesRead More The Population Of St. Paul s Informed On The Consequences Of Crime1406 Words   |  6 Pagesawareness of villagers to the new laws passed by Grenada parliament on the crime and their legal penalties, determine the thoughts on the past consequences compared to the present, determine the villagers attitude towards the new penalties of crime and find out whether the consequences are deterring factors to thought and action of committing crime. Moreover, to help gather and process information needed to help make valid and reliable conclusions, quantitative survey research through the use of structuredRead MoreDrug Abuse1622 Words   |  7 Pagesphrase should automatically make you realize that these could potentially be dangerous if, and according to statistics, are abused. So outlawing or monitoring would be more beneficial to society than legalizing or decriminalizing. Legalization has no penalties to any act dealing with the substance and therefore people would buy in larger quantit ies and increase the amount they take per day. Several different activities and substances have been the main topic over the decriminalization versus legalization

Bureaucracy and Administrative Management - 1545 Words

Classical management theory is based on developing universal management principles for various situations. It’s broken down into three emphases. * SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT Theory which focuses on production work flows and productivity of individual workers, * ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT THEORY which focuses on the total organization. The emphasis is on the development of managerial principles rather than work methods. * BUREAUCRATIC MANAGEMENT THEORY which focuses on strict implementation of rules and regulation, hierarchy systems in achieving maximum efficiency. Bureaucratic Theory by Max Weber Bureaucratic Theory was developed by a German Sociologist and political economist Max Weber (1864-1920). According to him,†¦show more content†¦5. Impersonal relationships between managers and employees. * Managers should maintain an impersonal relationship with employees so that favoritism and personal prejudice do not influence decisions. * To eliminate bias, ignore persuasion and personal differences 6. Employment based on technical qualifications * People are selected on the basis of their credentials and merit and are paid according to their position in the hierarchy. * Competence, not â€Å"who you know,† should be the basis for all decisions made in hiring, job assignments, and promotions Criticism of Bureaucratic Organization Bureaucratic Management Approach of Max Weber also has some fault-lines and received criticism for it. * The emphasis only on rules and regulations. * There will be unnecessary delay in decision-making due to formalities and rules of Bureaucratic Organization. * Coordination and communication hampered because of too much formality and rules. * Bureaucracy involves a lot of paper work and has just too much level of authority which results in lot of wastage of time, effort and money. Not ideal for efficiency. * Because of its too much formality, Bureaucratic approach is not suitable for business organizations. Bureaucratic model may be suitable for government organizations. * Too much importance isShow MoreRelatedThe Classical Public Administrative Theory1158 Words   |  5 Pages CLASSICAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIVE THEORY Most twentieth century scholars in sociology and the science of administration consider the classical public administrative theory as the early form of organizational theory and accompanied by three main types of management: scientific, administration and bureaucracy. All of these management ideas are linked to different academics. `The scientific management was developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915); the AmericanRead MoreBureaucracy Theory of Weber1302 Words   |  6 PagesBureaucracy theory of Weber Weber s theory of bureaucracy (1958) is one of the most popular themes of the studying of organizations. He identified the legitimate of power with authority. Power means the ability to ask people to accept the orders; Legitimation means people regard this power as legitimate so as to obey the orders. Weber identified this authority as three types: Charismatic authority, where the rule can be accepted because the leader has some outstanding personal qualityRead MoreA Review On Organisational Theories1677 Words   |  7 Pagesorganisational task and performance: Scientific Management (Taylor); Administrative Theory (Fayol); Bureaucracy and Organizational Structure (Weber); and Administrative Behaviour (Simon).1 The schools differ in their explanation, but share one commonality: that a formalized structure is prescribed behaviour for the staff s common behaviour . In other words, that 2 staff behaviour is influenced by the structure of the organisation. The Scientific Management school, led by Frederick W Taylor from theRead MoreThe Classical Era / Period Of Public Administration953 Words   |  4 Pagespublic administration (PA), the prevailing thought was that PA should be studied as its own individual field of study and not embodied within political science, management or law. The belief in the classical period that Public Administration should be studied as its own individual field of study and not embodied within political science, management or law was a rational assumption. According to â€Å"Public administration: An Introduction,† some of the scholars in the field of public administration, includingRead MoreThe Power Of The Bureaucracy1355 Words   |  6 Pages1. Woll views the bureaucracy as the center of governmental power because agencies exercise legislative, judicial, and executive functions, and because of how strongly administration and politics are intertwined. Woll argues that contrary to popular thought, the President and Congress have infrequent control over the administrative process. Agencies make definite decisions that carry out vague policy initiated in Congress or by the President. Agencies also offer expert advice and are receptive toRead MoreCompare and Contrast of the Classical School of Management and the Human Relations School of Management1531 Words   |  7 Pagesand contrast of the classical school of management and the human relations school of management The classical or traditional approach to management was generally concerned with the structure and the activities of formal organization. The utmost importance in the achievement of an effective organization were seen to be the issues such as the establishment of a hierarchy of authority, the division of work, and the span of control. The classical management focuses on the efficiency and includes scientificRead MoreCompare and Contrast of the Classical School of Management and the Human Relations School of Management1545 Words   |  7 Pagesand contrast of the classical school of management and the human relations school of management The classical or traditional approach to management was generally concerned with the structure and the activities of formal organization. The utmost importance in the achievement of an effective organization were seen to be the issues such as the establishment of a hierarchy of authority, the division of work, and the span of control. The classical management focuses on the efficiency and includesRead MoreMax s Bureaucratic Model With Frederick Riggs Model Essay1169 Words   |  5 Pagesis recognized as prismatic. The prismatic model was developed by Fredrick Riggs to explain the administrative systems of the developing World. Weber believed in a more formalized, rigid structure of organization known as a bureaucracy. This non-personal view of organizations followed a formal structure where rules, formal legitimate authority and competence were characteristics of appropriate management practices. Weber’s characteristics of the bureaucratic model are identified as, Hierarchy, DivisionRead MoreOrganization and Administration in Higher Education Essay1576 Words   |  7 Pagesacting officers to fill vacant administrative positions in academic departments (e.g. college dean, department chair, etc.) is a case of satisficing. Another area where satisficing is common is in athletics and sports. For instance, wh en athletics, football, or basketball coaches are fired for poor results, they are quickly replaced by one of the associates while a search for replacement begins. The temporary appointments are considered worthwhile in view of the administrative functions that the occupierRead MoreThe Structural Frame Model Of An Organization818 Words   |  4 Pagesthe modern humanity with Cutting-edge technology and multiculturalism, with extreme materialism and economical drive. As a result, any modern organization, regardless of its size, type or nature, has to depend upon the factual structures and best management paths to survive in today’s civilization. Lee G.Bolman and Terrence F. Deal’s (2013) book â€Å"Reframing Organizations† presents most updated and developed managerial approaches to leadership and structure for the organizations. L.G. Bolman and T.F

Database+Coursework Database 101 Free Essays

Area Film and Literary Society (MLFS) provide groups and events for local people. All participants must be members (who pay an annual fee) or their guests who may attend events. Fees vary from one group to another. We will write a custom essay sample on Database+Coursework Database 101 or any similar topic only for you Order Now In addition members may have a reduction in fees depending on their type of membership. For example Individual members pay 100% fees and Concessionary members pay 50%. There are also Household members and a special category called Friends of the Society. The Society hosts a number of groups which meet monthly. Members can join one or more groups; currently these include Film, Science, Reading and Poetry Groups. A paper record is held for each member, an example of which is given below. Member details| Event talents| Member No1022 NameJay PatelTelephone020 8888 3333AddressHigh Rd, London Member type Individual | Ability Code| Talent | | 01 Poetry 05 Science| membership records| Session (year)| Group code| Group name| CoordNo| CoordName| Feepaid| Date paid| 2007-2008| 01 | Poetry | 102| Carol Duffy| ? 0| 19/09/07| 2008-2009| 01 | Poetry | 102| Carol Duffy| ? 60| 02/09/08| 2008-2009| 06 | Reading| 111| Jane Austen| ? 75| 03/09/08| 2009-2010| 05 | Science| 181| Marie Curie| ? 90| 03/09/09| * | * | * | * | * | * | * | Note that the group code and the ability code are both based on the same domain of values. The latter represents members’ talents which the Society may make use of – this is described later. One group of a particular type (such as Poetry) will be run each year, assum ing there are nine or more members who want to join a group. Each group is run by a coordinator, who may change from one year to the next. In addition to the above, the society holds the address and telephone number of each coordinator. Besides groups, the society also holds one-off special events, such as lectures, films, art exhibitions and musical evenings. Events do not relate to particular groups: they are open to all members and their guests and are organised by one of the coordinators. Events will be led by an outside speaker, or sometimes a member (who have special talents as shown in the example record above) will act as the speaker. Each event will have only one speaker (whether an outside speaker or a member speaker), but a speaker may speak at a number of events. Details will be held of the event name, the date, and venue and outside speakers (name and telephone number). The Society will keep records of members who attended events and the number of guests for each member per event. 1a) Entity-relationship model mapped to a relational database If you need to revise this topic, see Text Book Chapter 3. Produce an Entity-Relationship Model using UML notation for the above case. Convert to a relational model by specifying the primary and foreign keys, mapping any one-to-one relationships into relations, and decomposing any many-to-many relationships. This is the Relation diagram and the diagram which you should submit. Note that there is no need to include the type of each attribute. State any assumptions that you may need to make particularly about optional and mandatory relationships. Note that assumptions are about how you have interpreted the scenario, not about the E-R modelling process. The ERD is not trivial – it involves at least 10 entities. I suggest you start by each member of your group concentrating on different parts of the ERD and then coming together to discuss. Remember: * databases hold historical information, not just details of current records * to work out cardinality of relationship use ‘two sentences each starting with the word one’ * check all attributes; they should be atomic (single-valued) * check primary/foreign key links (remember the foreign key goes on the ‘many side’) * decompose any m:n relationships 1b) Validate the model Checking for connection traps Examine your model and identify one potential trap (fan trap or chasm trap) – if present. Consider whether this may cause a problem to your model and re-draw if necessary, arguing your case either way. Supporting the functional requirements Validate the model to check it can support the following functional requirement i. e. specify the access path by listing the appropriate relations (taking into account the correct relationships) from your diagram: ‘List all members by name who have ever belonged to the Science group, who have a talent for music and have attended an event with Goldie as the outside speaker. ’ How to cite Database+Coursework Database 101, Papers

Gender Bias Critic of Antigone free essay sample

Sophocles was born in 496 B. C. and from 490 B. C. until 442 B. C. when the first performance of Antigone at the Dionysian theater; there had been many wars in the Greek and Persian history. These ongoing battles would not involve women in combat nor negotiations in the political arena, but merely a person to remain at home, responsible for domestic affairs. There would always be the fear of war, seen on the faces of every adult, reflected in the eyes of every child. Kate Hamburger, the author of From Sophocles to Sartre, and essay on the tragedies of Sophocles with an emphasis on the heroic tragedy Antigone, claims that the effect of war in Sophocles earlier youth is a contributing cause to his heroic tragedies. Sophocles saw the ideals of democracy early and practiced self-governing in the local market place. According to Siegfried Melchinger, a German dramatist who in his doctoral dissertation made a focus specifically on Sophocles, stated that Sophocles character is one of an overlapping discipline. Siegfried Melchinger published his book titled Sophocles in 1974, which David Scarse later translated from German to English. Sophocles composed his education to be overlapping, in that he was well educated in all areas. Even before the performance of Antigone, Sophocles was acclaimed for his feminine roles; as females were not allowed to act in theater. It was not until 442 B. C. that he wrote Antigone, with an even greater allusion to the role of women. Before Antigone begins, the two brothers of Antigone are engaged in a battle no only of land, but of power. Their deep desires to rule Thebes and male dominating ego, only lead to their deaths; a tragedy that would affect more than just themselves. The battle of glory for men would not be the same for their sisters, but in 442 B. C. as Sophocles illustrates, the living women would have to deal with the tragedies of the dead; a task not easy to be burdened with as woman. Their uncle, Creon, dominates Antigone and her sister Ismene to the extent of mourning their own brothers death. Antigone has chosen a fate without glory: Ill suffer nothing as great as death without glory, (Antigone line 112). Only a male in this time could die with honor and glory, and just as her uncle has forced a death without glory for her brother, although a glorious death is honorable, she has decided it a better life to die without glory than dishonor her blood and the gods. Ismene does not wish to go against the laws of her uncle, for women were not born to contend with men, but between the bond of her and Antigone, she will defy the king(line 75). Ismene is just as horrified about the edict as Antigone is, but asks what theyweak womencan do. During this era the women had a specific role, and to defy that role would be horrific enough, despite the edict which Antigone spoke so ill of. Ismene does not follow her sister, as Antigone is sure of her own fate and actions. To Antigone, there is nothing worse that she can face except death. Death is not a dilemma if she does as the gods sacred commands require, but to leave the body uncovered after death is treason to the gods and the soul of the dead will wander the Earth forever. Antigone sees no reason to hide what she considers to be perfectly just and a responsible act. The relationship between the two sisters in Antigone, but the male dominating King split the bond. The force that split the bond was not a physical power, but an underlying force that restricts women, even sisters, from expressing their true feelings. Sophocles sets the audience to wonder if the sisters will be able to combat and overcome the evil as a pair. Antigone comes across very clear and shockingly determined. She wants her sisters help in hopes of calming the gods. The fact that Antigone cannot convince Ismene begins the final separation of their family. After the suicide of their mother, death of their father, and the battle between their brothers, Ismene and Antigone are all that is left. The last family relationship has been broke and Antigone, the heroine of the tragedy comes into a sharper view. In his review of Sophocles, Vision and Stagecraft in Sophocles, David Seale makes a bold contrast in character between Ismene and Antigone. David Seale received his masters from Bishops University, and as part of his doctorate, which was a continuation of his thesis, he published Vision and Stagecraft in Sophocles through the University of Chicago. In David Seales book, he makes a dedication to Sophocles Antigone, and the concrete visualizations. Antigone, as correctly described by Seale is fearless, self-reliant, and willing to die for her convictions, whereas Ismene is cautious, obedient to male authority, and lacks the courage of her convictions. As Sophocles portrays, Antigone acts absolutely. She has accepts death with justification: Nor did that Justice, dwelling with the Gods beneath the earth, ordain such laws for men. Nor did I think your edict had such force hat you, a mere mortal, could override the gods, the great unwritten, unshakable traditions. It will not be for the sake of any law made by man that Antigone will incur the punishments of the gods. She will do everything she can, even if it takes her to her death, to make things right between her brother and the gods. Sophocles makes the point that the male leaders entrusted with the peoples power need to be viewed with caution. Sophocles, because of his youth, h ad a good understanding of democratic politics. Antigone is a visual representation for the people, so they can see the political corruption that is possible even in democracy. Since Antigone is a woman defying the traditional standards of a woman, the attention of the audience is focused on the outcome and the Kings resolve. Sophocles does not explicitly state which gender has chosen the correct way to live, but represents the people voice in the chorus in contrast to Creons oppressive nature towards woman and his kingdom. Creon in his opening speech as king represents the ideas of man and king for that time in history. Creon, a man, claims himself to be more powerful than the gods, he is the law, and he is the country: whoever places a friend above the good of his own country, he is nothing, (Antigone line 203). As Sophocles sets up the play, he is setting the king up to fall. No man is greater than god is, and no man can rule over women without having rule over himself. The people, the poets voice, represented by the chorus read the ode to the nature of man. The ode foreshadows what failures will come to man if the actions are not withdrawn, and that death cannot be defeated. The author Simon Goldhill is a professor at Cambridge University who wrote a review on literary works involving Greek tragedy. In his review that was published in 1986 by the Cambridge University Press, Goldhill depicts the daily routine of the once modern life. In his work, he describes the minor role that women played, and in his review of the play Antigone, he alludes to the shut out role that women play and analyzes the Ode to Man. After Creons threat to his own guards, mad with rage, the Chorus begins to chant. Siegfried Melchinger interprets this ode slightly different from Goldhill, stating that the ode reflects, many are the wonders but nothing more wonderful than man, where Goldhill debates the interpretation. Goldhill writes that the ode implies that the all-inventive man comes to the nothingness that is his future. The chant is an ode to the human spirit and power of man. Creons eruption with rage is not because a citizen of his kingdom disobeyed his edict, but that it was a woman who stood up against his power, and there was nothing he can do. Creons tone towards Antigones actions is one that would be directed toward a slave during the early American revolutionary days of slave trade. Antigones Flaw is a review of Sophocles play Antigone and her role in the Greek tragedy. Patricia M. Lines, a dramatist who analyzes the positive aspects of Antigone and females, wrote the review. Lines does not state or imply that women during Sophocles era were treated equally or with the same standards as men, but does write, Antigone stands for all this is right and for the opposition to tyranny, contributing to her focus that represents the positive outlook of Antigone, (Lines 1495). Antigone represents the morality of the play, and helps give a didactic performance. Since only males were allowed to be in politics, it is understandable that a defiant woman would collect the attention of the audience and warn them of the possible danger that, not a woman poses, but the male politician. Sophocles shows that if a woman can stand up to the king, then any man is capable of doing the same. Antigones rebellion against the king, not only represents her love for her brother, but also contrasts the difference between men and women. Women at this time were not in place to challenge a man and Antigones silenced opinion represents the flaw of man. The kings son is to marry the defiant woman, and in his flaw, he is to have her exiled. This flaw, as Creon will soon see, is to become his own tragedy. Even the son, Haemon, cannot speak out about his love, for the Creon will hear none of it. Creon waits until every respectable man in the kingdom has told him that he is doing wrong, that he considers it a fault on his part. Creon ignores the wishes of every woman, and every man. Pride is a fault in men, and the kingdom that follows the man is doomed to share a similar fate. Sophocles represents the power of men and insignificance of women in the epic tragedy. The women, even the ones dearest to him are considered to have little importance and can easily be removed. Ismene who did not violate a law, but coincided with her sister was treated with equal disdain. Women, according to Siegfried Melchinger, were misunderstood in Sophocles era and Antigone is the epitome of this representation. Antigone in contrast to Creon acted according to the divine justice of the unwritten law, where Creon is simply vulnerable because he is unsure of his grasp on power, (Melchinger 77). Antigone is defending a bond of kinship, which Sophocles portrays man to ignore. Sophocles poses the two powers of philia and eros: love or hate. Creon takes fault to eros, but with the death of those dear to him he will realize the absolute power. Creon continues to cover up his growing uncertainty through harsh and erratic measures. Haemon, who was to marry Antigone, is called a womans slave, by his father. Creon does not mean that he works for, nor is he literally a slave to Antigone, but that he accepts a womans opinion to be as right as his own. Creon cannot accept that his son would choose a womans belief over his own or the gods will over that of mans. Haemon has broken the bond between him and his father, and as Sophocles alludes, the bond between two men is weak if the interests are not the same. After Creon has spoken to the wisest man in the kingdom, he realizes his fault and attempts to make things right. Creon accepts the difficulty in having to swallow his pride, and though he does not believe that he is wrong, he understands that it is something that must be done to give relief to the other men in his life. Creon chooses to release Antigone, not for her life, but because of the repercussions that her death would have on the men in his kingdom. Antigone, the true Queen by birth is treated and pulled from power like a criminal. Though the play never explicitly states, Antigones actions are pure. She is not disloyal to Creon out of fear, marriage, or motherhood, but entirely rational; she is the only person, a woman, who would do the right thing. Sophocles is asking the audience if they too, would allow such things to occur and defy the gods. Creons epiphany came too late, and death too early. Antigones suicide soon became Creons wish. Antigones death leads to the suicide of both Creons son and wife. Although each of these deaths is tragic, it was not until Haemon killed himself in rage, that Creon was truly affected. The death of a woman was not significant, but his own son is what truly brought him to his knees for a final prayer. The essential moral of the tragedy is the warning to the people in power. Sophocles warns the leaders in power not to transgress the rules and limits of governing the people. Sophocles epic tragedy represented man, woman, death, and the balance between them.